I-solar iyindlela ehlanzekile kakhulu yokukhiqiza ugesi. Kodwa-ke, emazweni amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo anelanga eliningi kakhulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu kokukhiqiza ugesi welanga, ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo zamandla elanga akwanelisi. Isiteshi samandla elanga siyindlela eyinhloko yesiteshi samandla sendabuko emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ugesi welanga. Isiteshi samandla elanga sivame ukwakhiwa ngamakhulu noma ngisho nezinkulungwane zamaphaneli elanga futhi sinikeza ugesi omningi emakhaya namabhizinisi angenakubalwa. Ngakho-ke, iziteshi zamandla elanga zidinga indawo enkulu ngokungenakugwenywa. Kodwa-ke, emazweni ase-Asia anabantu abaningi njenge-India ne-Singapore, indawo etholakalayo yokwakha izitshalo zamandla elanga iyivelakancane kakhulu noma ibiza kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kokubili.
Enye yezindlela zokuxazulula le nkinga ukwakha isiteshi sikagesi selanga emanzini, ukusekela amaphaneli kagesi ngokusebenzisa isitendi somzimba esintantayo, nokuxhumanisa wonke amaphaneli kagesi ndawonye. Lawa ma-floating bodies amukela isakhiwo esingenalutho futhi enziwa ngenqubo yokubumba, futhi izindleko ziphansi kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho njengenetha lamanzi elenziwe ngepulasitiki eqinile eqinile. Izindawo ezifanelekile zalolu hlobo lwesiteshi sikagesi se-photovoltaic esintantayo zifaka amachibi emvelo, amachibi enziwe ngabantu, kanye nezimayini ezilahliwe kanye nemigodi.
Londoloza izinsiza zomhlaba futhi ulungise iziteshi zamandla ezintantayo emanzini
Ngokusho kombiko we-Where Sun Meets Water, i-Floating Solar Market Report owakhishwa yiBhange Lomhlaba ngo-2018, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zokuphehla ugesi welanga ezintantayo eziteshini zamandla kagesi ezikhona, ikakhulukazi iziteshi ezinkulu zamandla kagesi ezingasetshenziswa kalula. Kubaluleke kakhulu. Umbiko ukholelwa ukuthi ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga kungandisa ukuphehla ugesi kweziteshi zamandla kagesi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kungaphatha iziteshi zamandla kagesi ngendlela eguquguqukayo ngezikhathi zesomiso, okwenza kube lula kakhulu. Umbiko ukhombe: "Ezindaweni ezinegridi yamandla kagesi engathuthuki kahle, njenge-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara kanye namanye amazwe ase-Asia asathuthuka, iziteshi zamandla kagesi welanga ezintantayo zingaba nokubaluleka okukhethekile."
Izitshalo zamandla elanga ezintantayo azisebenzisi nje kuphela isikhala esingenalutho, kodwa zingase futhi zisebenze kahle kunezitshalo zamandla elanga ezisemhlabeni ngoba amanzi angapholisa amaphaneli e-photovoltaic, ngaleyo ndlela andise amandla awo okukhiqiza ugesi. Okwesibili, amaphaneli e-photovoltaic asiza ekunciphiseni ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, okuba yinzuzo enkulu lapho amanzi esetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo. Njengoba izinsiza zamanzi ziba yigugu kakhulu, le nzuzo izobonakala kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zamandla elanga ezintantayo zingathuthukisa nekhwalithi yamanzi ngokunciphisa ukukhula kwe-algae.
Ukusetshenziswa okuvuthiwe kweziteshi zamandla ezintantayo emhlabeni
Izitshalo zamandla elanga ezintantayo seziyinto engokoqobo manje. Eqinisweni, isiteshi sokuqala samandla elanga esintantayo ngenhloso yokuhlola sakhiwa eJapane ngo-2007, kanti isiteshi sokuqala samandla ebhizinisi safakwa echibini eCalifornia ngo-2008, ngamandla alinganiselwe angama-kilowatts angu-175. Njengamanje, isivinini sokwakhiwa kwe-floatiIzitshalo zamandla elanga ziyashesha: isiteshi sokuqala sikagesi esingu-10-megawatt safakwa ngempumelelo ngo-2016. Kusukela ngo-2018, amandla afakiwe ezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezintantayo zomhlaba wonke ayengu-1314 MW, uma kuqhathaniswa no-11 MW kuphela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela eBhange Lomhlaba, kunezindawo zokugcina amanzi ezenziwe ngabantu ezingaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angu-400,000 emhlabeni, okusho ukuthi ngokombono wendawo etholakalayo, iziteshi zamandla elanga ezintantayo ngokwesayensi zinomthamo ofakiwe wezinga le-terawatt. Umbiko ukhombe: "Ngokusekelwe ekubalweni kwemithombo yamanzi enziwe ngabantu etholakalayo, kulinganiselwa ngokulondolozayo ukuthi umthamo ofakiwe weziteshi zamandla elanga ezintantayo zomhlaba wonke ungadlula i-400 GW, okulingana nomthamo ofakiwe we-photovoltaic yomhlaba wonke ngo-2017." Ngemva kweziteshi zamandla ezisogwini kanye nezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezihlanganisiwe ezakhiweni (BIPV) Ngemva kwalokho, iziteshi zamandla elanga ezintantayo sezibe yindlela yesithathu enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic.
Amazinga e-polyethylene kanye ne-polypropylene omzimba ontantayo ami phezu kwamanzi futhi amakhemikhali asekelwe kulezi zinto angaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuma komzimba ontantayo phezu kwamanzi kungasekela amaphaneli elanga ngokuzinzile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lezi zinto zinokumelana okunamandla nokuwohloka okubangelwa imisebe ye-ultraviolet, okungangabazeki ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlelo lokusebenza. Esivivinyweni sokuguga esisheshayo ngokwezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke, ukumelana kwazo nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo (ESCR) kudlula amahora angu-3000, okusho ukuthi empilweni yangempela, zingaqhubeka nokusebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana kokukhukhuleka kwalezi zinto nakho kuphakeme kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ngeke zeluleke ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqhubekayo, ngaleyo ndlela zigcine ukuqina kohlaka lomzimba ontantayo. I-SABIC ithuthukise ngokukhethekile i-SABIC B5308 ye-polyethylene ephezulu yezinga lokuntanta kohlelo lwe-photovoltaic lwamanzi, olungahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokusebenza ekucutshungulweni nasekusetshenzisweni okungenhla. Lo mkhiqizo wezinga uye waqashelwa amabhizinisi amaningi ochwepheshe besistimu ye-photovoltaic yamanzi. I-HDPE B5308 iyinto ye-polymer yokusabalalisa isisindo sama-molecular enezimpawu ezikhethekile zokucubungula nokusebenza. Ine-ESCR enhle kakhulu (ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwemvelo), izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, futhi ingafinyelela phakathi kokuqina nokuqina. Ibhalansi enhle (lokhu akulula ukukufeza kumapulasitiki), kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo, ukucubungula okulula ukuphehla. Njengoba ingcindezi ekukhiqizweni kwamandla ahlanzekile ikhula, i-SABIC ilindele ukuthi isivinini sokufakwa kweziteshi zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezintantayo sizoshesha kakhulu. Njengamanje, i-SABIC iqalise amaphrojekthi eziteshi zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezintantayo eJapane naseShayina. I-SABIC ikholelwa ukuthi izixazululo zayo ze-polymer zizoba yisihluthulelo sokukhulula amandla obuchwepheshe be-FPV.
Isixazululo sephrojekthi ye-Jwell Machinery Solar Floating and Bracket
Njengamanje, izinhlelo zelanga ezintantayo ezifakiwe ngokuvamile zisebenzisa umzimba oyinhloko ontantayo kanye nomzimba osizayo ontantayo, omthamo wawo usukela kumalitha angu-50 kuya kumalitha angu-300, futhi lezi mizimba ezintantayo zikhiqizwa imishini yokubumba enkulu.
Umshini Wokubumba Owenziwe Ngokwezifiso we-JWZ-BM160/230
Yamukela uhlelo lokukhipha izikulufo oluklanywe ngokukhethekile olusebenza kahle kakhulu, isikhunta sokugcina, idivayisi yokonga amandla ye-servo kanye nohlelo lokulawula lwe-PLC olungenisiwe, futhi imodeli ekhethekile yenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokwesakhiwo somkhiqizo ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo nokuzinzile kwemishini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-02-2022